考证新疆坎儿井起源的物证——柯尔加依镇盘吉尔山岩画

The Material Evidence Origin of Xinjiang Kaerjing

通过较深入的考古工作,能对新疆维吾尔自治区境内分布的古代坎儿井的起源、发展提供有说服力的考古资料,使有关新疆坎儿井的起源问题能从文献或主要依据文献资料进行研究的现状向前迈进一步。20世纪80年代,考古专家在新疆维吾尔自治区托克逊县柯尔加依镇盘吉尔山发现了新疆考古工作中与古代水利工程有关的岩画,考古专家们对此岩画画面上所刻有的水系、井、泉进行了专门考证,认为其配置形式与坎儿井极为相似,这是新疆维吾尔先民们给后人留下的新疆在远古时代就有坎儿井的最有力的实物证据。这幅岩画虽不足以直接说明坎儿井的起源和发展状况,但却有助于间接分析坎儿井的存在及其地位,有助于坎儿井起源的研究。通过对前人研究资料尤其是对岩画的综合分析对坎儿井的起源提出自己的看法。坎儿井是由维吾尔先民根据当地的自然地理条件自己发明的,它是开发利用地下水的最为经济、最为有效的特殊水利工程,更是人与自然和谐相处的最好形式和典范水利工程。

through a thorough archaeological work, can to Xinxiang autonomous region distribution of the origin and development of ancient Kaerjing provide convincing archaeological material, make the origin of Xinxiang Kaerjing from literature or mainly based on the present situation of the research literature step forward. In the 1980 s, archaeological experts in the Xinxiang Uyghur autonomous region TuoKeXunXian Cole added in town dish Jill mountain found the Xinxiang excavation work in the ancient water conservancy project with the rock paintings, archaeological experts to this rock art images of engraved with well, spring water system, and the special research, believes that the configuration forms and Kaerjing is very similar, this is the Xinxiang Uyghur ancestors left to the future generations of Xinxiang in ancient times have Kaerjing the most powerful physical evidence. This picture is not enough to explain Kaerjing cliff di- rectly the origin and development condition, but it helps to indirect analysis Kaerjing existence and the status of the Kaerjing, help to the study of the origin. Through to the previous research material, especially on the comprehensive analysis of the rock paintings of the origin of the Kaerjing opinions are put forward. Kaerjing is by the Uyghur ancestors according to the local natural and geographical conditions, it is his invention, development and utilization of groundwater is the most economic, the most effective special water conservancy project, but also the human and the nature harmonious get along with a model and the best form of water conservancy project.