新中国危机动员理念的变迁——以自然灾害动员为例

On The Transition of New China's Concept of Crisis Mobilization——Regarding Natural Disasters Mobilization as Example

危机动员是危机管理的重要内容,它能否实现危机管理的目标,取决于危机动员的理念及策略。我国是一个自然灾害频发的国家,新中国成立以来,党和政府在应对自然灾害方面积累了丰富的经验。其中,关于自然灾害的危机动员理念也随着时代的变迁而发生了变化。从动员模式上看,危机动员从单一的政治动员模式向政治动员主导的混合模式转变;从动员目标上看,危机动员从应急向管理转变;从动员手段看,危机动员的手段日趋多元化和现代化;从动员口号看,危机动员从压抑个性走向以人为本。

Crisis mobilization is an important part of crisis management.Whether crisis management can achieve its goal depends on the concept and strategies of crisis mobilization.China is a country prone to natural disasters.Since the founding of New China,the party and the government have accumulated rich experience in dealing with natural disasters,among which crisis mobilization of natural disasters has changed along with the changing times.From the view of mobilization model,the crisis mobilization has changed from a single political mobilization model to mixed politics mobilization oriented model;from the view of mobilization target,crisis mobilization has changed from emergency to management;from the view of mobilization methods,the methods of the crisis mobilization have become more diversified and modern;from the view of the mobilization slogan,the crisis mobilization has changed from individual-depressed to people-based.