20世纪60年代以来海港城市研究进展

The Progresses of Seaport City Studies in the Last Fifty Years

作为一种特殊的城市类型,海港城市自20世纪60年代开始就受到国内外学术界的广泛关注,如今已有较为丰富的学术产出,可大体划归为港城关系、港口地域演化、港城一体规划和港城空间结构等研究主题,尽管前人曾对某一方面的研究进展作过评述性的工作,但仍缺乏比较系统全面的海港城市研究综述。本文搜集半个多世纪的国内外相关文献,根据研究主旨对其进行归类,而后按时间顺序对各个主题进行梳理、分析比较,再现其研究脉络,找出国内外研究的不足以及未来研究的方向。综述发现:全球对海港城市的关注度在增强,但国内缺乏连贯性;关注重点从港城演化转向港城关系,但国内港城关系研究视角相对狭窄;研究方法从定性转向定量,但仍缺少跨学科的综合手段;空间分析一直是海港城市研究的重要方法,但尺度与指标需要完善;海港城市过程及现状研究较多,缺少对未来新建港城的理论与实践指导。

As a special urban type,seaport cities have aroused wide concern from academic communities at home and abroad since the 1960s.Nowadays,there are plenty of academic outputs in this field,which are classi-fied into several research topics such as port-city relationship,port development and evolution,integrated plan-ning of port and city,and spatial structure of port cities.Although several scholars reviewed some subjects in this field recently,there is not a complete literature review of seaport city studies.This paper collected academic works related in recent more than 50 years,sorted them out in term of study topics firstly,and then summed up,analyzed and compared these subjects to show the research context and to find study shortages and future direc-tions in this field.After reviewing,we can draw the following conclusions.Firstly,the attention to seaport cities is increasing worldwide,but it lacks coherence at home.Secondly,research perspective has transferred from port-city evolution to port-city relationship,but the latter is relatively confined at home.Thirdly,the study meth-od has changed from qualitative to quantitative analysis,but still lacks interdisciplinary approach.Fourthly,spa-tial analysis is an essential method all the time,and scale and indicators shall be supplemented in the future study.Finally,there are many studies in this field that focus on evolution process and status of seaport cities,but there are relatively few studies on theories and their applications to newly built seaport cities.