尾状山羊草与硬粒小麦、普通小麦的杂交及外源染色质检测

Hybridization of Aegilops caudata with Triticum durum, Triticum aestivum and the Detection of Alien Chromatins

尾状山羊草（AegilopscaudataL．）具有丰富的抗病虫和高赖氨酸、高蛋白优良性状，是进行小麦（TriticumaestivumL．）遗传改良的重要遗传资源。合成了硬粒小麦（TriticumdurumDesf．）-尾状山羊草双二倍体、进行了普通小麦与双二倍体的杂交。并以作者克隆的尾状山羊草C基因组特异重复序列PAeca212为探针，对上述杂交后代的花粉母细胞进行了染色体原位杂交检测。证实了新合成的双二倍体中有7对C基因组染色体；在F2中检测到C基因组染色体的自发纯合易位，显示出从C基因组向小麦转移外源基因的光明前景。

Aegilops caudata L. carries resistance genes against wheat diseases as well as genes of high crude protein and lysine contents, which can be useful for wheat improvement. An amphiploid of Triticum durum -Ae. caudata was synthesized and the hybridization of T. aestivum with the amphiploid Am 8 was carried out.Chromosome in situ hybridization was carried out for the PMC (pollen mother cell) of the synthesized amphiploid (AABBCC) and (T. aestivum Beiing 837 × Am 8) F2 by using the pAeca 212 as a probe. The results showed that the 7 bivalents from C genome had hybridization signals in the amphiploid. The detection for F2(Beijing 837 × Am 8) indicated that boslocation, even (Pure) home translocation, occurred in F2 generations spontaneously- The study showed the bright prospect in transfetring alien resistance genes from C genome to wheat.