国内外防洪标准及确定方法研究

Research on Standard for Flood Control and Its Determination Methods at Home and Abroad

通过国内外防洪标准及其确定方法的归纳和对比分析,认为等级划分方法制定防洪标准应用范围广、时间长、基础好,今后长时期内仍将是确定防洪标准的主要方法;经济分析方法、风险分析方法和综合评价模型法实现了防洪标准确定方法的统一,但基础数据获取难度大、定性指标定量化困难、人为决策因素对结果影响大、操作性较差,容易出现人为提高和降低防洪标准的问题,因此建议在有条件时作为制定防洪标准的辅助决策手段。

Through comparative analysis and generalization of standard for flood control standard and its different determination methods,it is concluded that the Grade Classification Method to determine standard for flood control has been widely used for a long time which achieves a good application foundation,so it will be the main method to be used for a long time in the future.Economic Analysis Method,Risk Analysis Method and Synthetic Evaluation Model Method realize the unification of method to determine standard for flood.But,for the three methods,it is difficult to achieve the basic data and to quantify the qualitative index.At the same time,artificial effect has an important impact on the determination of standard for flood control and the operability is bad which lead to raise or bring down standard for flood control artificially.It is recommended that the three methods can be taken as the subsidiary method to determine standard for flood control when the condition is permissible.