21世纪国际航空私法的新发展(上)——关于1999年《蒙特利尔公约》航空责任运输立法的评论与分析

New Developments on International Private Aviation Law of the 21st Century——The Comments and Analysis on The Liability Legislation of Air Transportation of 1999 Montreal Convention

作为华沙国际航空运输责任体制一体化和现代化改革成果的1999年《蒙特利尔公约》于2003年正式生效和适用,它是国际航空运输责任法已进入到一个新的发展阶段的标志。运用比较方法分析该公约与华沙体系责任规则之间的关系及其对华沙责任规则的新发展,提出国际航空运输责任立法的重心已经从保护航空运输承运人利益转向加强保护航空运输消费者的利益,归责原则的客观化和赔偿责任的无限制已经成为21世纪国际航空私法发展的普遍趋势。

1999 Montreal convention is an important result of modernization and consolidation of Warsaw liability system by air transportation and is put into force by 2003. It symbolizes that the law of international air transportation liability has get into a new stage. With the method of analysis, this essay will explore the relationship between Montreal convention and Warsaw liability system and conclude its new developments. At last, it puts forward that some important points of legislation have been transferred from protecting carrier interests to consumer interests, and objectivity and being unlimited are common treads for international private aviation law of the 21st century.