密云县2000名中学生青春期健康知识需求调查

Survey on adolescent health knowledge in 2000 middle school students in Miyun County

目的了解密云县中学生青春期健康知识的来源和生殖健康服务需求，为开展青春期健康教育提供依据。方法整群分层抽取密云县5所中学生2005名，采用自行设计的封闭式问卷进行调查，对所得资料进行分析。结果中学生生殖健康知识知晓率仅为45．25％，目前获取生殖健康知识的途径主要是通过杂志书籍、朋友、网络等，分别占55．25％、48．35％、50．15％，而来自家长的只占9．10％。98．25％的中学生对青春期生殖健康教育有强烈的需求。女生初潮年龄有78．89％集中在12～15岁之间；男生遗精年龄有73．27％集中在13—15岁之间。男生与女生在烦恼倾诉对象的选择、对怀孕的认识和对意外怀孕的处理方面比较均有显著性差异（r值分别为437．56、52．18、126．39，均P〈0．01）。结论将性与生殖健康纳入正规学校教育，实行医疗保健机构、学校、家长相结合的教育方式，开展青春期生殖健康教育时应加强避孕节育知识的普及，强化同伴和父母教育，保证中学生身心健康。

Objective To understand the sources of adolescent health knowledge and needs on reproductive health service in middle school students in Miyun County so as to provide some basis for adolescent health education. Methods Cluster sampling was used to collect 2005 students in 5 middle schools in Miyun County, and self- designed closed questionnaires were delivered. The data obtained were analyzed. Results The awareness rate of reproductive health knowledge in middle school students was only 45.25%. The major ways of obtaining reproductive information were books and magazines, friends, and network, and they accounted for 55.25%, 48.35% and 50. 15% respectively. The knowledge from parents only accounted for 9.10%. 98.25% students had strong demand of adolescent health education. The menarche age of 78.89% girls was between 12 and 15 years, and the emission age of 73.27% boys was between 13 and 15 years. The differences in selecting objects when pouting troubles, understanding pregnancy and handling accidental pregnancy between boys and girls were significant （X2 was 437.56, 52. 18 and 126.39 respectively, all P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Sex and reproductive health should be combined with regular schools education, and implement the combining mode of medical and health institutions, schools and parents. Popularizing contraception and birth control knowledge should be strengthened in adolescent health education, and enhance peer and parent education to ensure middle school students＇ physical and mental health.