台风暴潮对浙东沿海农田生态环境的影响及其对策

Impacts of typhoon storm on farmland ecological environments in the eastern coastal area of Zhejiang Province and their countermeasures.

研究了1997年11号台风引起的台风暴潮对浙东沿海地区农田生态环境的影响。结果表明,受海水浸泡的影响,土壤和农用灌溉水含盐量显著升高,浸泡72h及72h以上表层土壤含盐量分别达1.27％和1.38％;在海水倒灌发生后8d农用灌溉水表层、3m、6m和10m深层水含盐量分别为2.36‰、3.22‰、3.84‰和4.03‰,尽管海水退落后各深层水含盐量有所下降,但总体仍维持在2.26‰左右,二者含盐量均远超过农业生产标准。进而提出了清理枯株、深沟翻耕、优化农作物种植结构和实施栽培管理措施等恢复受咸农田生态环境的对策。

The impacts of the typhoon storm incurred by No. 11 typhoon in 1997 on the farmland ecological environments in the eastern coastal area of Zhejiang Province were studied. The results indicate that the salt content of the soils as well as the irrigated water within the agroecological systems immersed by sea water increases by a big margin. Particularly,the salt content of surface soils immersed for 72 hours and more than 72 hours reached 1. 27% and 1. 38% respectively,and those of irrigated water on surface layer,and at the depths of 3m, 6m,and 10m beneath surface after flooding for 8 days reached 2. 36‰,3. 22‰,3. 84‰ and 4. 03‰ respectively. Even after the flooding receded,the salt content of irrigated water still stands around 2. 26‰. Therefore,both the flooded soils and irrigated water are no longer applicable to agricultural uses if no improvement measures are undertaken. To reduce the impacts of the typhoon storm and resume the normal agricultrual production,the remedial coun-termeasures,such as removing dried crop stems,deep digging and tillage,proper structure of crop varieties and suitable cultivation and management measures,are proposed for rehabilitating the impacted agroecological environments.