新温609、新温724等6个核桃矮化品种的选育

The Breeding of Six Dwarfed Walnut Cultivars Xin Wen609,Xin Wen724

【目的】利用二次果核桃的早实性,从其实生群体中选育优良矮化核桃单株,培育核桃矮化品种。【方法】以国家级优良核桃品种扎343、新早丰的二次果核桃为种子进行播种育苗,从中选择"较矮小、分枝早、节间短"矮化类型苗木为试材定植、建园,开展矮化优良植株选择试验。【结果】选出6个矮化优良植株;以6个优良矮化植株为试材,温185、新新2两个优良核桃品种为对照,选育矮化品种。历时10余年试验,选育出新温609、新温724、新温908、新温915、新温916和新温917等6个核桃矮化品种。【结论】利用二次果核桃实生类群中的矮化类型单株,培育核桃矮化品种,不仅可行,而且选育效率高。

【Objective】 The purpose of this program is to take the advantage of second bearing in early ripening walnuts to select the high quality dwarfed individual cultivars in seedling population.【Method】 Initially the second bear of nationally graded walnuts ＂Zha343＂ and ＂Xinzaofeng＂ was taken as seeds to be sowed from which ＂the relatively low height,early branching,short internodes＂ dwarfed types were selected as experimental materials.They were then planted in orchards and went through seedling selective experiment.At the second step,the contrast test was conducted between the six selected seedling and the early high quality type Wen 185 and Xinwen 2 for the final dwarfed cultivar choice.【Result】 During the past decade and more,the six dwarfed walnut cultivars： Xinwen 609,Xinwen 724,Xinwen 908,Xinwen 915,Xinwen 916,and Xinwen 917 were selected after the research and breeding experiment.【Conclusion】The newly-bred dwarfed walnut cultivar from the second bearing in seedling population is not only feasible but also efficient.