不同密度及果穗数对日光温室番茄干物质生产与分配的影响

Effect of Production and Distribution of Dry Matters on DifferentDensities and Remaining Spikes of Fruit in Greenhouse Tomato

【目的】为科学安排日光温室生产茬次、高效栽培番茄及合理密植提供理论依据。【方法】采用单干整枝方式研究不同密度及果穗数对温室冬春茬栽培番茄干物质生产与分配的影响。【结果】温室番茄定植密度对干物质生产的影响较大,保留果穗数间接影响干物质的分配。摘心前期,不同密度间单位面积群体植株总干重存在差异显著性变化,处理4 000株/667 m2单位面积群体干物质生产最多,主要分配于茎叶供给营养生长。在适宜保留果穗数下,干物质生产影响植株上的坐果穗数,从而间接影响植株内干物质分配,不同密度及适宜留果穗数下干物质生产与营养器官和生殖器官的分配比例有关。【结论】在密度为4 000株/667 m2(3穗果)时,既能实现营养生长期茎叶干物质的最大生产又能实现生殖生长果实最大分配累积,前期产量最高达4 310.7 kg/667 m2。

【Objective】The aim of the study was to provide a theoretical basis for the crop management and optimization of density about predicting the yield and harvesting date of greenhouse tomato.【Method】The different densities and remaining spikes were investigated to clarify the influence of production and distribution of dry matters in greenhouse tomato,＂bao hong yi hao＂ cultivar breed by one stem.【Result】The results showed that the production of dry matter in greenhouse tomato was mainly determined by the density,but it had no direct relation with the remaining spikes of fruit.The total dry weights significantly changed in different densities treated among groups per unit area compared with the early stage of topping.There were maximum dry matter production in unit area groups about 4 000/667 m2 treated,and the mainly nutrients were allocated to stems and leaves.Under the appropriate remaining spikes of fruit,dry matter production of fruit affected remaining spikes of fruit;thereby it affected indirectly dry matter distribution in the plant.On the different densities and desirable remaining spikes of fruit condition,dry matter production was related to distribution ratio between nourishment organs and reproductive organs.【Conclusion】 The density for the 4 000/667 m2（3 spike fruit） had not only the maximum dry matter production of stem and leaf in nourishment growth time but also the largest distribution and cumulation in reproductive growth time.The pre-production was the highest and the yield could reach 4 310.7 kg/667 m2.