新疆乌鲁木齐市雅山宿根花卉抗寒筛选研究

Screening Study of Ratoon Flowers with Strong Cold Tolerance at Yamalike Hill in Urumqi,Xinjiang

【目的】以初筛选出较抗寒的11种宿根花卉为材料,以苗期的生理生化指标鉴定为主,研究不同低温胁迫条件下,SOD酶活性及细胞膜透性的变化,了解引种的11种宿根花卉的抗寒能力,进行抗寒筛选。【方法】对11个品种的宿根花卉进行不同温度的低温胁迫10 h后,测试SOD酶活性及细胞膜透性的变化,再与生态观测结果进行比较,确定其抗寒能力的大小。【结果】电解质渗出率在低温胁迫下与对照相比有明显的变化,并随胁迫温度的降低,膜透性逐渐升高,但升高的幅度各品种均有差异,再以SOD酶活性的变化,从抗寒生理生化机理上探讨11种宿根花卉抗寒的能力。【结论】SOD酶活性的变化及细胞膜透性的变化与生态观测所得结果一致,11种宿根花卉的抗寒能力依次为大花冰菊、鼠尾草、松果菊、剪秋萝、蕨叶蓍、蜀葵、婆婆纳、金鸡菊、春黄菊、多叶蓍和天人菊。苗期的SOD酶活性及细胞膜透性的生理生化指标,可作为鉴定宿根花卉抗寒能力大小的一个参考指标,对宿根花卉的引种及生产上都有着一定的指导意义。

【Objective】 The originally screened-out 11 ratoon-flowers were elaborated for the materials and the physiological and biochemical changes in seedling were taken as the main indexes to research SOD activity and membrane permeability changes in different appraisal of cryogenic stress conditions in order to learn the cold tolerance of the eleven ratoon-flowers to screen the best one.【Method】The 11 varieties of ratoon flowers underwent different cryogenic stress tests after 10h in order to have SOD activity and cell membrane permeability tested.Then they were compared with the ecology observations to have the ability to fight against the cold determined.【Result】The experiments showed that electrolyte leakage in cryogenic stress significantly changed than the CK,and membrane permeability was increasing gradually when temperature became lower,but the extents of various varieties were elevated differently.Based on SOD activity changes on cold-stress,the ability of 11 kinds of ratoon flowers cold-tolerance was studied from the perspective of physiological and biochemical mechanism.【Conclusion】 SOD activity and membrane permeability changes were the same with ecological monitoring results.The cold tolerance of the 11 kinds of ratoon-flowers in order was successively：Chrysanthemun maximum,Salvia farinacea,Echinacea purpruea,Lychnis chalcedonica,Achillea,Althaea rosea,Veeronica hybrid,Coreopsis verticllata,Anthemis,Achillea alpine and Gaillardia aristata.The SOD enzyme activity and membrane permeability＇s physiological and biochemical indexes at seedling stage can be used as identification＇s reference index of ratoon flowers＇ cold tolerance.Thus the introduction and production of ratoon-flowers have certain guiding significance.