从僮人到壮族——20世纪以来对广西壮族论述的变迁

From Zhuang to Zhuang Ethnic Group——The Changes of the Discussions about Zhuang Ethnic Group since the 20th Century

在广西壮族自治区生活着一千六百多万的壮族人口。在新中国成立之前，相对分散的僮人并不是一个独立而统一的族群。至少在十六年前，僮和汉、苗、瑶还处于不同的发展阶段，而且他们中的许多人并没有意识到他们是一个族群。在国家进行民族识别和成立了自治区以后，现代壮族开始具有了统一的认同。改革开放以来，壮族知识分子及其他成员都骄傲地认为，壮族是一个古老和具有丰富文化的少数族群，并且在更高层次上认同于中华民族。所以，考察关于壮族的论述和壮族族群认同的变化，对于我们研究民族政策和建设公民社会都有重要意义。

There are 16 million Zhuangs living in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The Zhuangs were not a separate ethnic group before the founding of new China. In this article, through investigating the three stages of the discussions about the Zhuangs, the author studies the Zhuang ethnic identity. At least 60 years ago, the Zhuangs were at different stage of development from Han, Miao, and Yao. Moreover, most of them didn＇t think they belong to the same ethnic group. Until the nationality classification （minzu shibie） initiated by the country was finished and the establish- ment of the Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Zhuang people began to have a common identity. Since the reform and opening, Zhuang intellectuals and Zhuang people proudly believe that the Zhuangs are a minority ethnic group with ancient and rich culture. At the higher levels, they identify themselves with the Chinese nation. Therefore, studying the discussions about the Zhuangs and ethnic identity are important to the research on Minzu policy as well as the building of civil society.