口述史学的发展及研究范式的转换

Development and Stuely Mode Change of Modern Oral History

20世纪的30～40年代,西方各主要国家相继跨入现代化阶段,在传统历史学向现代化转型的过程中新口述史亮相登场,它仍然秉持着早期资本主义社会自由、民主的理念,搭载了社会人文群体对自身经历的记忆。利用了现代录音、录像技术,内容上反映着从社会上层到普通民众在政治、经济、文化等诸多领域里多姿多彩的生活历程。这当中,口述史学的研究和实践也从最初的机械记忆进化为对历史过程和理念的积极探求。进入信息化的21世纪,口述史将借信息传媒技术更广泛、更深刻地记录下人类社会前进的历史足迹。

During the 1930＇ s to 1940＇ s, some leading weatern countries stepped into the era of modernization. Then, modem oral history was born as the product of the transformation of traditional history study to modem type. In the aspect of theory, modem oral history absorbed the essence of precedent ideologies of social freedom and democracy and applied them to collecting past memories of social communities. As for its form of expression, it used the modem technologies of vocal and video recording. The content of modem oral history works reflected plentiful life experiences of top social status and common people in political, economic and cultural activities. Meanwhile, modem oral history itself also progressed from simply recording history to purposefully reflecting meaningful pictures of human life. In the informatio age of the 21st centu- ry, oral history would equip itself with the information technologies and media to record the foot steps of human advances.