中国共产党认识和处理民族问题的历史经验(1921—1949)

The CPC’s Historical Experience in Understanding and Handling the Ethnic Issues, 1921—1949

在新民主主义革命时期,中国共产党以马克思主义民族问题理论为指导,在领导中国各族人民进行反帝反封建的伟大斗争中,进行长期的、艰苦的探索,通过调查研究中国民族问题的历史和现状,总结民族工作正反两方面的实践经验,逐步地明确了解决中国民族问题的正确方向,形成了关于民族平等、民族团结、国家统一,以及民族区域自治等一整套适合中国国情的民族问题理论、路线和方针、政策。这些路线和政策的贯彻与实施,有效地把少数民族动员和组织起来,使争取民族独立、人民解放成为中国各民族共同奋斗的总目标。这对于取得新民主主义革命的胜利,对于在中国大地上彻底推翻帝国主义的压迫和国内的民族压迫制度,创建中华人民共和国,起到了巨大的历史性的作用。

During the new democratic revolution, under the guidance of the Marxist ethnic theory the Communist Party of China made arduous explorations over long years on the ethnic issues in its great effort to lead the Chinese people of all nationalities against imperialism and feudalism. Through investigations and studies of the past history and present facts of ethnic issues in China and reviewing positive and negative experiences in handling ethnic problems the Party gradually defined the correct approach to solving the Chinese ethnic problems and formed a whole set of theories, lines, principles and policies about ethnic equality, unity, national unification and regional autonomy of ethnic minorities. The implementation of these theories and policies effectively mobilized and organized the ethnic minorities and turned the great task of national independence and people＇ s liberation into the common goal of all nationalities in China. This played a significant historical role in winning the new democratic revolution, overthrowing imperialist oppression and domestic ethnic oppression, and founding the People＇ s republic of China.