要素市场扭曲抑制了中国企业R&D?

Does Factor Market Distortion Barrage Chinese Firms' R&D?

本文使用2001—2007年间工业企业样本分析要素市场扭曲是否抑制了中国企业R&D投入,结果发现:在要素市场扭曲程度越深的地区,要素市场扭曲对中国企业R&D投入的抑制效应就越大;要素市场扭曲对不同特征企业R&D投入的抑制效应存在显著差异,要素市场扭曲所带来的寻租机会可能会削弱或抑制企业R&D投入;要素市场扭曲对外资企业R&D投入也产生了抑制效应,外资企业可能也利用寻租活动来获得中国要素市场扭曲所带来的低成本要素投入和租金收益;要素市场扭曲是造成本土企业和外资企业竞争力差距的重要因素之一。地方政府对要素市场的管制或控制,短期内虽然可能有助于地方政府调动资源促进经济增长,但这会显著抑制地区内企业R&D投入。全面加快和推进要素市场的市场化改革应该是国家创新战略政策调整的主要方面。

Using the firm level panel data of industrial enterprise from 2001 to 2007, this article analyzes whether the FMD was depressed the R＆D investments of Chinese enterprise. The result indicates that： the higher the level of the area impacted by the FMD is, the more seriously the inhibitory effects induced by FMD which are impacting domestic enterprises R＆D investment would be. The inhibitory effects of R＆D investment, induced by the FMD, are significantly different among the enterprises with different characteristics. Rent-seeking opportunities accompanying with the FMD may weaken or inhibit the R＆D investment from the enterprise. FMD also had inhibitory effects on the foreign R＆D investment. Rent- seeking activities by the foreign enterprises may also be used to obtain China＇s low-cost factor inputs and the rental income caused by FMD. FMD is one of the critical issues which caused the obvious gap of the competitiveness between local enterprises and foreign enterprises. Regulation, or Control, of the factor market from the local government, in many ways, would help them to maneuver resources for economic growth in a short term; however, it will significantly inhibit the R＆D investment within the area. Promoting and accelerating the market-oriented reform within the factor markets should be the main aspects of policy adjustment about national innovation strategy.