实习护士发生锐器伤的现状调查与分析

Sharp instrument injury in nursing students:investigation and analysis

目的了解实习护士发生锐器伤的相关因素,探讨其有效的职业防护对策。方法采用自行设计的问卷调查表,随机对101名实习护士进行调查。结果实习护士对锐器伤的认知不足,且专科实习护士在玻璃类及针刺伤是否危险性大、戴手套是否有防护作用及套护针帽的手法是否为单手4个方面的认知率明显低于本科生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);锐器伤发生率89.11%,其中以实习时间在<3个的实习护士发生频率最高,其在调查日前1个月发生锐器伤的频率明显高于实习即将结束组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);发生锐器伤的科室以输液室、普外科等为多,分别占14.41%、12.16%。结论高发生率的实习护士锐器伤应引起高度重视,在防护对策中,学校课程设置上充实医院感染的相关知识是前提,而建立规范的职业防护制度,加强3个重点的管理是关键。

OBJECTIVE To understand the correlation factors and to explore the effective occupational protective countermeasures for sharp instrument injury in nursing students.METHODS A total of 101 nursing students were randomly investigated using self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS Nursing students lacked of recognition for the sharp instrument injury.The sharp instrument injury incidence was 89.11% in these nursing students,with highest frequency for those with practice time less than 3 months.There were significant differences in the recognition for the risk of glass and needle injury,the protective effect of glove,and the utilization of needle caps in junior college nursing students compared with undergraduated college nursing students（P0.05）.The items for sharp instrument injury were mainly the glass,accounting for 39.80%.Sharp instrument injury happened mainly at dispensing time,especially in those wards such as infusion room and general surgery,accounting for 14.41% and 12.16%,respectively.CONCLUSION High incidence of sharp instrument injury in nursing students should be paid more attention.For protective measures,the prerequisite is to enrich the hospital infection knowledge in the school curriculum.However,it is key to establish standardized occupational protective systems and strengthen the three key management points.