内蒙古赛罕乌拉自然保护区冬季鸟类多样性调查

Field Survey on Bird Species Diversity in Winter at Saihanwula Nature Reserve,Inner Mongolia,China

采用固定样线法于2006～2009年对内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区冬季鸟类组成进行了调查。共记录鸟类6目18科51种,其中有37种留鸟,9种冬候鸟,5种旅鸟,鸟类的居留型发生变化。所记录鸟类中有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类1种,Ⅱ级保护鸟类13种,国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济及科学研究价值的鸟类29种。群落多样性指数值最高的生境为山地森林,鸟类种数为37种。在动物地理分布型上划分为9种类型,较为复杂的组成与保护区的植被类型以及动物地理区划属于蒙新区和东北区的双重过渡地带有关。与周边地区冬季鸟类调查比较,本次调查鸟类物种相对丰富。

Bird diversity was surveyed by fixed transect lines in Inner Mongolia Saihanwula Nature Reserve in three winters from 2006 to 2009.Total of 51 species belong to 18 families,6 orders have been recorded,of them 37 are resident birds,9 winter migrant,and 5 wandering birds.In the survey,we recoded 6 summer migrant birds that wintered in the study area.Of the birds,Aquila chrysaetos is national protected as the first category species,13 more species are protected as secondary category species,29 are listed as the species benefic,important,and valuable to people.The habitat of mountain forest had the highest species richness with 37 bird species.The zoogeographical distribution patterns of the wintering birds were divided into 9 types,the high species composition of avifauna resulted from the complex vegetation at the reserve which locates in the zoogeographical transitional regions of the Mongolia-Xinjiang and the Northeast.The winter bird species diversity is relative rich in the study area compared to the surrounding areas.