秋水仙素诱导大青杨同源三倍体

Autotriploid Induction in Populus ussuriensis Kom.by Colchicine

以黑龙江省苇河、带岭的大青杨为亲本,采用正交设计L16(45)对授粉后的雌花序施加0.2%～0.6%的秋水仙碱溶液进行染色体加倍试验,通过流式细胞术和染色体镜检方法检测变异植株的染色体倍性,共获得12株大青杨同源三倍体。结果表明,在授粉36～60h后用0.5%秋水仙碱溶液浸泡24h的诱导效果最好。大青杨三倍体植株叶长和叶宽分别高出二倍体21%和45%;其叶片气孔长、宽高出二倍体55%和45%,气孔密度是二倍体的18%。

With the parents ofPopulus ussuriensis from Dailing and Weihe forest bureau in Heilongjiang, the female inflorescences were treated with 0.2%-0.6% colchicine after pollinating to induce chromosome doubling by orthogonal design of L16（45）, and 12 triploid plants were obtained by flow cytometry and microscopic to detect chromosomal ploidy. The results showed that the most effective induction was 0.5% colchicine for 24 h at 36-60 h after pollination. The length and width of triploid leaves were 21% and 45% respectively larger than those of the diploid ones, and the length and width of triploid stomata were 55% and 45% respectively larger than those of the dir）loid ones, and their stoma density was 18% of the diploid.