口腔癌相关危险因素的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiologic study of risk factors of oral cancer

目的:进行口腔癌相关危险因素的流行病学调查,为口腔癌的预防提供依据。方法:采用流行病学问卷调查方法,在国内8个城市进行多中心大样本病例-对照研究。调查内容主要包括个人基本情况、全身疾病和口腔疾病史、口腔卫生习惯、吸烟与被动吸烟、饮用水及常用的饮料情况、运动及劳动情况、家族史等7个方面。采用SAS 8.2软件包对数据进行t检验或χ2检验,采用Logistic回归分析各因素与罹患口腔癌的关系。结果:经常参加运动、饮用牛奶、饮用水处理、高血压、口腔白斑、不良修复体、吸烟史、戒烟史、吸有过滤嘴烟等在病例组和对照组之间有显著差异(P<0.05)。吸烟时间越长、吸烟量越大,危险度越高(OR分别为3.57、4.78)。运动、饮用牛奶及饮用水处理可降低口腔癌的危险(OR分别为0.48,0.48和0.53)。结论:吸烟是口腔癌发生的重要因素,吸过滤嘴烟不能降低口腔癌的发生;运动、饮用牛奶及饮用水处理可降低口腔癌的发生。

PURPOSE：To explore the risk factors of oral cancer in order to provide evidence for oral cancer prevention.METHODS：Epidemiologic questionnaire was used for case-control study in 8 major cities of China.The questionnaire consisted of 7 parts which included essential individual status,systemic and oral diseases,oral hygiene habits,smoking and passive smoking,water and drinks in common usage,sports and labor,family history.SAS8.2 software package was used for data analysis.Student＇s t test or Chi-square test was used for evaluation of homogeneity between the groups.Logistic regression was used for analyzing the relationship between the factors and oral cancer.RESULTS：Sports,drinking milk and processed water,hypertension,leukoplakia,ill-fitted prosthesis,smoking,smoking cessation and smoking with filter were significantly different between the groups（P0.05）.Starting to smoke before 20 years old and smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day were the risk factors for oral cancer（ORs were 3.57,4.78,respectively）.Sports,drinking milk and processed water could reduce the risk of oral cancer（OR value were 0.48,0.48,0.53,respectively）.CONCLUSION：Smoking is a main risk factor for oral cancer and using filter would not reduce the occurrence.Sports,drinking milk and processed water may benefit for oral caner prevention.