3岁前儿童口腔疾病综合防治项目终期效果评价

Terminal effectiveness evaluation of comprehensive intervention on oral health in 0-3 years' old kids

目的:评价3岁前儿童口腔疾病综合防治措施的效果。方法:随机纳入孕妇100名为试验组,从孕期开始实施口腔健康教育,孩子出生后定期口腔检查并进行母亲个体化健康教育,采取局部涂氟、窝沟封闭等干预措施;随机设置对照组。试验组儿童分别于1、2、3岁进行口腔检查,与对照组儿童患龋率、龋均、牙面软垢指数、咬合关系相比较,并评估2组3岁幼儿的母亲问卷调查结果。数据采用EpiData 3.0录入,应用SPSS 12.0完成数据分析。结果:2组幼儿口腔检查结果比较:1岁年龄段儿童2组牙面软垢指数差异有统计学意义;2岁年龄段儿童患龋率、牙面软垢指数2组差异均无统计学意义;3岁年龄段儿童患龋率、牙面软垢指数2组差异均有统计学意义;3个年龄段试验组儿童的龋均较对照组均降低;而3个年龄段咬合关系2组差异无统计学意义。2组3岁幼儿母亲口腔保健知晓情况比较,试验组正确率达66.3%,对照组为48.9%,13项指标中有9项2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:该项目健康教育与行为干预模式对幼儿防龋效果明显,值得推广应用。

Objective： To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive intervention on pediatric oral health in 0-3 years＇ old kids.Methods： 100 pregnant women were enrolled into experiment group and oral health education were carried out for them.After birth,the children had oral health check periodically,and their mothers got advices about their childrens＇ oral health individually.Preventive measures were given to the children if necessary.The control subjects were enrolled randomly from those who came to the Preventive Health Branch in our hospital at 1 and 2 year old respectively,and at 3 years＇ old from primary classes of one kindergarten.Children in the experiment group were checked for oral health including caries incidence,dmft index,debris index-simplified and occlusal relationship at 1,2 and 3 years＇ old,and all mothers were investigated with questionnaire.The resulting data were entered by EpiData 3.0 and processed by the statistic software SPSS 12.0.Results： In the children at 1 year old,the debris index-simplified in experimental group was lower than that in the control（P0.05）.In those at 2 years old,there was no significant difference between 2 groups（P0.05）.Dmft index and debris index-simplified in experimental group were lower than those in the control（P0.05） at 3 year＇s old.There was a significant difference on the oral health care knowledge level between the mothers in experiment group and those in control group（P0.05）.Conclusion： The mode of health education and a series of preventive measures is effective for oral health of young children.