曲轴新型非圆随动磨削运动模型的研究

Research on Novel Motion Model of Noncircular Follow Grinding for Crankshaft

研究一种曲轴新型非圆随动磨削运动模型,提出基于砂轮架水平进给轴、附加升降轴与工件转动轴联动的随动磨削控制方式,通过砂轮架水平进给轴、附加升降轴的连续圆弧插补运动与曲轴连杆颈偏心圆周运动同步,确保曲轴工件绕主轴颈中心回转时砂轮与连杆颈切点始终与砂轮中心、连杆颈中心保持三点一线关系,继而实现连杆颈的恒线速精密磨削加工;从运动学角度分析砂轮架水平进给轴与附加升降轴的垂直度误差、数控系统响应偏差对连杆颈磨削精度的影响规律以及相应解决措施;通过新型非圆随动磨削运动模型计算机仿真分析与样品磨削加工试验表明,所研究随动磨削运动模型具有砂轮磨损适应能力强、机床运动控制简便、曲轴连杆颈磨削精度高的显著特点。

A novel motion model is proposed for the follow grinding of crankshaft.In which,noncircular follow control strategy is investigated on the basis of servo linkage of horizontal feeding shaft and additional lifting shaft for grinding wheel,and the turning shaft for workpiece.The straight line relationship of grinding wheel center,pin center and cut point are ensured by the synchronism between the arc interpolation motion of grinding wheel and the eccentric circular motion of pin.Consequently,constant line-speed precise grinding of pin is achieved.The negative influence of perpendicularity error between horizontal feeding shaft and additional lifting shaft is kinematically analyzed as well as the response error of numerical controller.Hence the solving methods are carried out respectively.By the computer simulation analysis and application test,the presented follow grinding motion model exhibits good characteristics in the manufacturing of crankshaft,such as strong adaptability of grinding wheel wearing,convenient machine motion control and high grinding accuracy.