亚洲玉米螟无琼脂半人工饲料的研究与应用

STUDIES ON MASS REARING OF ASIAN CORN BORER: DEVELOPMENT OF A SATISFACTORY NON AGAR SEMI-ARTIFICIAL DIET AND ITS USE

供试昆虫的人工大量繁殖技术是现代害虫防治研究的重要手段之一。其中在钻蛀性害虫的饲养方面,国内外普遍认为琼脂是必不可少的成冻物质,但存在高成本、煮溶费工等缺点。在周大荣等新7号有琼脂半人工饲料的基础上,以一种代号为JSMD的物质完全取代琼脂取得成功的无琼脂玉米螟半人工饲料(简称JSMD饲料)与新7号饲料相比,配制步骤从6步简化为3步;饲料成本减少61.0％;饲养效果除成活率、化蛹率与新7号饲料相同外,性比、雌雄蛹重均分别显著优于或超过前者;单雌平均产卵量也超过前者。在投入应用的11年中一次饲养的最大规模为60万头高质量蛹;年最高供卵量为20余万块。对促进我国玉米螟综合治理和行为学研究具有重要的应用基础意义。并于1997年申请国家专利。

Insect artificial mass rearing is an important aspect in modern insect control research. It is commonly accepted that agar, although expensive and need to be cooked while using,is an indispensable diet ingredient for rearing lepidopterous borers. In this paper,a Non-agar JSMD Diet (JSMD-diet,in short),based upon the formula of the New Diet No. 7 (ND-7, in short) reported by Zhou et al. for the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee), rearing, is reported. The major advantage and main difference of the JSMD-diet to ND-7 are that agar ingredient is totally substituted by a substance called JSMD. The rearing effect of JSMD-diet has been proved to be very promising. As compared with ND-7,JSMD-diet can reduce the preparation procedure from 6 steps to 3 steps and the cost of diet for ca 60%. There are no differences in survival and pupation rates. The criteria in sex ratio,weights of male and female pupae are all significantly better/higher than that of ND-7,respectively. The criterion in egg production rate does not reach the level of significant although it is much higher in JSMD diet. For an 11-year practice after developed,the largest scale of production is 600 thousands high quality pupae at one time,and the largest amount of annual production is 200-thousand egg masses. Large amount of egg-masses, pupae and adults have been supplied to nearly 60 research institutes and universities for ACB research of multiple purposes, and thus making important contribution to ACB IPM, behavioral and bio-tech researches in China. JSMD-diet will soon be patented at a national level.