耐力训练引起大鼠免疫机能低下及补充中药多糖的干预效果研究

The Effects of Endurance Training and Supplementation of Herbal Polysaccharide on the Immune Capacities in Rats

目的:观察6周耐力训练及补充多糖提取物对大鼠血清IL-1β和外周血单核细胞(PBMC)培养后上清液IL-1β含量、下丘脑室旁核IL-1R表达和血清皮质酮、睾酮含量的影响。方法:6周龄雄性Wistar大鼠40只随机分为安静对照组、耐力训练组、训练+黄芪多糖组、训练+牛膝多糖组4组,每组10只。安静对照组不运动,其他3组进行6周递增负荷游泳训练,训练时间由40 min/d逐渐增加到160 min/d。训练+黄芪多糖组每天给予黄芪多糖提取物灌胃(2 g.kg-1),训练+牛膝多糖组给予牛膝多糖提取物灌胃(1 g.kg-1),安静对照组和耐力训练组给予等量双蒸水。6周后取材测试相关指标。结果:6周训练后,耐力训练组大鼠血清IL-1β含量、PBMC培养后上清液IL-1β含量、大鼠下丘脑室旁核IL-1R表达、血清皮质酮含量均显著高于安静对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清睾酮含量显著低于安静对照组(P<0.05)。训练同时补充牛膝多糖组大鼠血清IL-1β、下丘脑室旁核IL-1R表达显著低于耐力训练组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且与安静对照组水平接近;训练同时补充牛膝多糖或黄芪多糖组PBMC生成IL-1β能力低于耐力训练组、高于安静对照组,但差异均无统计学意义,训练同时补充牛膝多糖组血清皮质酮显著低于耐力训练组(P<0.01)。训练同时补充牛膝多糖或黄芪多糖组大鼠血清睾酮高于耐力训练组(分别高54.3%和54.4%)、低于安静对照组(分别低21.4%和21.2%)。结论:耐力训练引起细胞免疫功能下降可能与血清及PBMC中IL-1β升高和下丘脑室旁核IL-1R表达增加并激活HPA轴有关,补充牛膝多糖、黄芪多糖有保护作用。

Objective To study the effects of endurance training and supplementation of herbal polysaccharide extracts on the immunity of rats.Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups：sedentary control group（C）,endurance training group（T）,endurance training with supplementing astragalus polysaccharides（APS）group（T＋APS）and endurance training with supplementation of achyranthis（ABPS）group（T＋ABPS）.Except the group C,the other three groups underwent swimming with incremental protocol for 6 weeks,beginning from 40 min/d and increasing to 160 min/d by the end of the experiment.Daily intragastric administration of APS（2 g·kg-1）and ABPS（1 g·kg-1）was performed for group T＋APS and group T＋ABPS respectively,and the same volume of distilled water was supplied to the groups C and T during the experiment.After 6-week swimming,serum IL-1β,cortisol,testosterone,IL-1β in the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMC）and the expression of IL-1 receptor in hypothalamus were tested.Results After 6-week training,serum cortisol,IL-1β,IL-1β in the supernatant of PBMC and the expression of IL-1 receptor in hypothalams of rats in group T were significantly higher（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,and the level of testosterone in serum was evidently lower（P〈0.05）than that in group C.The alteration of serum IL-1β,cortisol,and expression of IL-1 receptor were inhibited by supplementation of ABPS or APS（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Conclusion Endurance exercise can induce the change of cytokines and their receptors.The binding of cytokines in the hypothalamus activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis（HPA-axis）,resulting in elevated levels of circulating cortisol and reduction of immune capacities.The depressive immune functions is inhibited by herbal polysaccharide extracts（ABPS or APS）.