柑桔黑刺粉虱发生规律及防治

STUDIES ON THE BIONOMICS AND CONTROL OF CITRUS SPINY WHITEFLY

对柑桔黑刺粉虱的生活习性、发生规律、有效积温、天敌种类和药剂防治等进行了比较系统的研究。该虫在广东一般1年发生5代,第1代成虫出现于3月份,11月中下旬以后若虫和蛹开始越冬;发育起点温度为11.01℃,完成1个世代所需有效积温为791.27日度。天敌主要有红点唇瓢虫、草蛉、蜘蛛、捕食螨以及刺粉虱黑蜂、黄色跳小蜂等。药剂试验表明,氧化乐果、水胺硫磷、速扑杀等药剂单用时效果不理想,但氧化乐果和水胺硫磷混配后效果有所提高,如果与机油乳剂配合使用,则效果更好,可达到90.93％,复配剂B[40％氧化乐果(0.32)+40％水胺硫磷(0.48)+4.5％高效氯氰菊酯(0.15)+增效剂(0.05)]的防效最好,达97.71％,是目前防治柑桔黑刺粉虱最好的药剂之一。

The behavior, bionomics and control of citrus spiny whitefly Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintance were systematically investigated. The results showed that there are 5 generations of this insect pest per year in Guangdong Province, the adult of first generation occurs in March, and the nymphs and pupae overwinter since middle or late November. Its developmental zero was 11. 01 C , and effective temperature constant for one generation was 791. 27 day-degrees. Its main natural enemies were Chilocorus kuwanae Silvestri, Chrysopa spp. , spiders, predatory mites, Amitus kerperidum Sil-vestri and Prospaltella sp. . The single use of omethoate, optunal or methidathion, etc. was not satisfactory to keep this insect pest under control, the control effect of combined use of omethoate and optunal was somewhat better than their single use, and was much better (90. 93%) as putting a few emulsified machine oil into this combination, while the use of mixture B,32% of 40% omethoate + 48% of 40% optunal + 15% of 4. 5% a-cypermethrin +5% of synergist, got most desirable effect (97. 71%).