青海省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病现状调查

Prevalence of reproductive system diseases among married women at reproductive age in rural Qinghai Province

目的:了解青海省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病患病状况及影响因素,探索干预措施。方法:采用整群分层随机抽样方法在全省8个州、地、市的46个县的72个乡镇,抽取15～49岁已婚育龄妇女27405例进行问卷调查、妇科检查和实验室检查。结果:妇女生殖系统疾病患病率为48.31%,其中患1种生殖系统疾病者占78.06%,合并2种者占33.41%,合并3种者占2.4%。从生殖系统疾病种类分布情况来看,发病率从高到低依次为宫颈疾病(22.16%)、阴道疾病(17.36%)、盆腔炎性疾病(8.35%),性病检出率为0.44%。影响生殖系统疾病的因素有年龄、文化程度、经济状况、保健知识和卫生习惯等。结论:青海省已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病患病率较高,相关部门应采取综合干预措施,结合本地区多民族、经济水平较低等特点积极开展生殖健康普查普治工作、强化医务人员责任意识、规范医疗服务,降低生殖系统疾病发生率,提高已婚育龄妇女的生殖健康水平。

Objective：To explore the prevalence of reproductive system diseases among married women at reproductive age in rural Qinghai Province,and to search for intervention measures.Methods：A cluster and stratified sampling was used to recruited 27 405 women aged 15 to 49 years old from 72 villages of 46 counties in 8 cities of Qinghai.A questionnaire survey as well as the genealogical examination and laboratory examination were conducted.Results：The prevalence of reproductive system diseases of the respondents was 48.31%.The proportion of those suffering from one to three kinds of diseases were 78.06%,33.41% and 2.4%,respectively.As far as the disease category be concerned,the top three kinds of diseases were cervical diseases（22.16%）,vaginal diseases（17.36%）,and pelvic inflammation diseases（8.35%）.The detection rate of venereal diseases was 0.44%.The influencing factors included age,educational degree,financial condition,and awareness of health care knowledge,and sanitary habits.Conclusion：The prevalence of reproductive system diseases among married women at reproductive age in rural Qinghai Province is high.A series of intervention measures should be developed to reduce the incidence of reproductive system diseases,resulting in improving reproductive health of married women at reproductive age.