昆明市城乡居民劳动强度与高血压患病关系研究

Relationship of Physical Activity Strength with Hypertension Prevalence in Kunming Residents

目的探讨城乡居民劳动强度与高血压的关系,为高血压防治提供基础数据。方法于2008年1—4月采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取昆明市20岁及以上常住城乡居民5191人,进行问卷调查、人体测量及生化指标检测和劳动强度分级。结果调查对象中轻体力劳动、中等体力劳动和重体力劳动的高血压患病率分别为33.8%、24.9%和18.1%,糖尿病患病率分别为8.1%、4.5%和1.9%,各劳动强度级别患病率两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压、舒张压、体质指数(BMI)、腰围、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h口服75g葡萄糖耐量实验(2h-OGTT)、高血压患病率均随劳动强度的增加而下降,且各劳动强度级别均数两两比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析,在调整了年龄、性别、肥胖等多种混杂因素之后,中等体力劳动组和重体力劳动组高血压的OR值分别为0.74(95%CI:0.43～1.31)、0.58(95%CI:0.36～0.93),趋势分析P=0.03。结论体力劳动强度对高血压的患病率有保护作用,经常性的适度体力劳动有助于降低居民高血压患病风险。

Objective To explore relation of physical activity strength with the hypertension prevalence in the Kunming residents. Methods Multi-stage random sample was conducted among 5 191 permanent residents aged 20 yrs and over in Kunming and the investigation including questionnaire, physical examination, biochemical indicators testing and physical activity grading were taken. Results Blood pressure, body mass index （BMI）, waist circumstance, fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, 2 houroral glucose tolerance test（2 h-OGTT）and hypertension prevalence decreased with the increase of physical activities strength and there was significant difference between different physical activity grading （all P〈0.05）. Hypertension prevalence of those with light physical activity, moderate physical activity and heavy physical activity was 33.8%, 24.9% and 18.1%, respectively, and the prevalence of diabetes was 8.1% ,4.5% and 1.9%, respectively, and there was significant difference between different physical activity grading （all P〈0.05）. After adjustment on age, sex, obesity and other potential confounding factors, data from Logistic regression model showed that the odds ratios（95%CI）for hypertension on subjects in moderate physical activity and heavy physical activity group were 0.74 （95%CI： 0.43-1.31） and 0.58 （95%CI： 0.36-0.93）, respectively, with P for trend test as 0.03. Conclusion Physical activity strength plays a protective role in prevalence of hypertension. Regular appropriate physical activity may have some effects in reducing the risk of hypertension among Kunming residents.