高超音速地面模拟设备的研究进展

The Research Progress of Hypersonic Ground Simulation Test Facilities

首先介绍了航天器再入飞行中遇到的真实气体效应问题及其对航天器气动特性所产生的影响。然后对五六十年代以来高超音速地面模拟试验地位的转换进行了简要分析。以空气助力的轨道间运送器、美国国家空天飞机和火星探测器的再入飞行为例， 探讨了再入流动对地面模拟设备的设计要求， 并回顾了各国在此方面的主要研究进展， 最后指出了该领域在未来的发展方向。

Firstly,this article is reviewed the serious problems caused by real gas effects and spacecraft aerodynamics during the reentry of a spacecraft. Then,the change of hypersonic simulation testing status is analyzed in brief.For such as the reentry of the next generation of space transport systems,like AOTV,NASP and Mars probe,the reentry flow on design requirements of ground simulation facilities is discussed.The main investigation work in this scope in different countries is looked back.Finally, the development trend in the future is presented.