婚姻与心理福利的性别差异性分析

Gender Difference to Marriage and Psychological Well-being: the Implications to China's Gender Imbalance Society

文章利用中国综合社会调查(2006)数据,比较了不同婚姻状况、婚姻质量的群体心理福利的差异,并分析了婚姻状况、婚姻质量对心理福利的影响机制及其性别差异,探讨了家庭代际支持、个体社会经济地位对婚姻的调节作用。研究发现,单身群体的心理福利比婚居群体差,心理福利也因婚姻质量而差异显著,但单身女性的心理福利好于婚姻质量差的女性,婚姻质量差的男性心理福利好于单身男性。回归分析结果也证实婚姻特别是高质量的婚姻对心理福利存在保护功能。婚姻状况对男性的影响较大,婚姻质量对女性的影响较大。另外,代际支持和个体地位也是影响心理福利的重要因素,对婚姻特别是婚姻质量具有替代或强化作用。

Using the data of CGSS(2006),this paper compares the gender difference of psychological well-being disparity between groups based on marital status and quality and analyzes their relations.Intergenerational support and socioeconomic status as moderating roles in the relationship of marriage are also studied.Findings indicate that a marriage,especially with higher marital quality,has a protective effect to psychological well-being.A married couple has better psychological well-being then a single person,and marital status is more important for men as well as marital quality for women.In addition,intergenerational support and socioeconomic status have positive impact on psychological well-being,and play significant roles in promoting relationship of marriage.