扁颅蝠的扩散行为研究

Dispersal behaviour of the lesser flat-headed bat,Tylonycteris pachypus(Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)

我们于2002～2007年在广西龙州县和宁明县采用标记重捕法对扁颅蝠的扩散行为进行研究,共标记669只(成体316只,亚成体353只;雌雄分别为293只和376只),重捕到139只(重捕率20.8%)。结果表明,大部分扁颅蝠雌雄后代在性成熟前发生扩散,其亚成体扩散率无性别差异(雄性82.2%,雌性66.7%;P>0.05)。对成年雌雄两性扩散率(雄性76.5%,雌性58.5%)的分析亦未见性别差异(P>0.05),但亚成体和成体合并结果显示雄蝠扩散率(80.7%)高于雌蝠(62.3%,P<0.01)。此外,我们还测量了扩散的距离,雄性后代的扩散距离(787.5±26.980m,n=37)比雌性(517.4±25.308m,n=24)远(P<0.01);在出现扩散的61只后代中,仅有一只(0.7%)雄性亚成体扩散到其它的竹林,其余个体均在出生竹林内的不同竹筒之间进行扩散。

We investigated offspring dispersal in the lesser flat-headed bat,Tylonycteris pachypus（Chiroptera：Vespertilionidae） in both Longzhou and Ningming counties,Guangxi,China,from 2002 to 2007,by marking and recapturing.A total of 669 individuals（316 adults and 353 juveniles,293 males and 376 females） were marked,and 139 of them（20.8%） were subsequently recaptured.The results showed that both male and female offspring dispersed away from their natal roosts before maturity.The dispersal rates of juvenile males（82.2%） and juvenile females（66.7%） were not significantly different（P0.05）.The dispersal rates of adult males（76.5%） and adult females（58.5%,P0.05）,also were not significantly different,but when we combined the data from adults and juveniles,the dispersal rate for males（80.7%） was higher than that for females（62.3%,P0.01）.In addition,we found that juvenile males dispersed farther than did same-aged females（males：787.5±26.980 m,n=37;females：517.4±25.308 m,n=24;P0.01）.Among 61 dispersing offspring,only one male（0.7%）dispersed from one natal bamboo forest to another,while most dispersed within their natal bamboo forest.