小肠黏膜下层复合材料修复兔下颌骨缺损

Bone regeneration in rabbits with mandibular defects by composite materials of small intestinal submucosa

目的探讨猪小肠黏膜下层(small intestinal submucosa,SIS)与纳米β-磷酸三钙(nano meter crystalβ-tricalciumphosphate,nmβ-TCP)结合形成的复合支架材料修复骨组织缺损的作用。方法新西兰大白兔13只,在双侧下颌骨上制备骨缺损模型,随机分为4组,分别使用SIS、nmβ-TCP及两者混合制成的复合支架材料进行修复,并设置空白对照。12周时处死动物取材,进行组织学切片及扫描电镜观察,计算骨矿化沉积率(mineralapposition rate,MiAR)、骨小梁厚度(trabecular thichness,Tb.Th)和体积分数,并作统计学处理。结果 12周时新生骨小梁占据大部分缺损区域,材料已基本降解,nmβ-TCP组残余少量材料。复合支架组新生骨小梁形态较成熟,荧光双带距离较宽,MiAR、Tb.Th以及骨小梁体积分数均明显高于其他几组(P<0.05)。结论猪SIS与nmβ-TCP混合制成的复合支架材料,具有良好的成骨特性和组织相容性,能够有效地修复下颌骨缺损。

Objective To determine whether the small intestinal submucosa（SIS）/nano meter crystal β-tricalcium phosphate（nm β-TCP） composite can enhance the regeneration of mandibular defect of New Zealand rabbits.Methods Thirteen rabbits with mandibular defect models were made and randomly divided into 4 groups,then SIS,nm β-TCP and the composite scaffold material of SIS and nm β-TCP were applied to 3 groups respectively,and the left group was set as the control.Three months after the operation,the samples were extracted for histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy observation.Mineral apposition rate（MiAR）,bone-volume fraction and trabecular thickness（Tb.Th） were recorded.One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results Most of defect areas were occupied by newborn trabeculae,and filler materials almost degraded,while a few still remained in the group of nm β-TCP.The group using composite scaffold materials was found to have more newborn bone trabeculae with more mature formation,and MiAR,bone-volunme fraction and Tb.Th were also higher than the other 3 groups（P0.05）.Conclusions The composite materials of SIS and nm β-TCP can enhance bone regeneration in mandibular defect of rabbits.