车辆主动悬架用电磁直线作动器的研究

Electromagnetic Linear Actuator for Vehicle Active Suspension

针对车辆主动悬架的使用要求,设计出一种具有行程大、推力大及响应快速特点的新型电磁直线作动器。结合有限元仿真软件,研究作动器的结构参数如气隙厚度、次级不锈钢管厚度、次级铜层厚度、绝缘挡圈导磁和导电性能及初级线圈的绕线方式等的变化对作动器电磁力大小和响应速度的影响规律,以及电源参数如电源电压、电源频率及电源加载方式的变化对作动器电磁力大小和响应速度的影响规律,结果表明,电磁力除与绝缘挡圈的导电性能无关外,而与气隙厚度等众多结构参数密切相关,电磁力与电源电压的平方成正比例关系,且随电源频率的增大而先增大后减小,在20 Hz左右存在电磁力响应峰值。在此基础上选取合理的参数,试制一款电磁直线作动器样机,并对样机模型进行稳态电磁力和相电流的相关试验测试,通过与有限元仿真结果比较,表明仿真分析结果和试验测试数据基本吻合,验证了有关设计分析的正确性。

A new type of electromagnetic linear actuator for vehicle active suspension is designed,with the characteristics of large stroke and force and fast response.Combined with the finite element analysis software,the effects of actuator structure parameters such as gap thickness,secondary stainless steel tube thickness,secondary copper layer thickness,magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity of insulated retainer ring and primary coil winding mode on actuator thrust size and response speed are studied.And the effects of actuator power parameters such as voltage,frequency and loading mode on actuator thrust size and response speed are also studied.The results show that the electromagnetic force is closely related to structural parameters such as the gap thickness,except for the conductivity of insulated retainer ring.And the electromagnetic force is proportional to the square of the voltage,and first increases and then decreases with the increase of frequency,getting the maximum at 20 Hz.Based on the simulation results,a prototype of electromagnetic linear actuator with appropriate parameters is developed.And the steady electromagnetic force and phase current test of the actuator is carried out.Comparison between the finite element simulation results and the experimental data shows they are basically consistent,thus verifying the correctness of the relevant design and analysis.