遥感技术在减灾救灾中的应用

Application of Remote Sensing in the Field of Disaster Reduction and Response

遥感技术已经广泛应用于地震、洪涝、台风等自然灾害的减灾救灾工作中,并在灾前预警准备、灾中监测救援和灾后评估恢复阶段发挥了重要的作用。首先介绍了灾害信息获取中常用的可见光、热红外和雷达数据及其特点,然后分析了遥感技术在减灾救灾中的应用优势,并对其在灾害不同阶段的作用进行了讨论。最后结合遥感的特点和数据处理方法,介绍了遥感在不同种类灾害中的应用情况,并对我国遥感技术在减灾救灾应用中的发展方向进行了展望。

Remote sensing technology has been widely used in disaster reduction and response works in earthquakes,floods and typhoons.It plays an important role in stage of warning,monitoring,rescue,assessment and brings us a new way to know the disaster better.Combined with its own characteristics in accessing information,this paper analyzes the advantages of remote sensing technology in disaster reduction.With the detailed description of their data parameters,it introduces the common remote sensing data used in disaster information access and summarizes the application status of them.This paper also discusses the major role of remote sensing in different disaster management phases,such as warning,monitoring,relief,assessment and recovery.After analyzing the data characteristics and its processing methods,it introduces some practical application in different type of disaster.At the end,the application and development trend of remote sensing technology in disaster reduction and response has been discussed.