基于“天地人三才之道”的植物景观营造理论体系构建——基于“天地人三才之道”的风景园林设计论研究(二)

Construction of the Theoretical System in Plant Landscape Constructing Based on the Theory on Tian,Di,and Ren in the Practice of Landscape Architecture Construction(2)

从"天地人三才之道"出发,对植物景观营造理论体系构建进行研究探讨。"天才"指的是经纬度和海拔高度等因素,这些因素决定了植物景观的水平地带性分布和垂直地带性分布;"地才"指的是地形、土壤、水系、动植物等因素,在这些因素作用、影响之下形成了多种类型的植物景观;"人才"指的是各种人文(为)因素,在这些人为因素的作用之下,形成了多种人文(为)植物景观。由这些研究结论衍生、发展而来的有乡土植物理论、植物群落理论、潜生植被理论、生物多样性原理、生态位原理以及适地适树原则等。我们称前者为"植物景观营造基础理论体系",称后者为"植物景观营造发展理论体系"。

This paper studied the theoretical system in plant landscape constructing based on the theory on Tian,Di,and Ren.Tian means longitude,latitude and height above sea level,which decide latitudinal,longitudinal and vertical zones of vegetation distribution.Di means topography,soil,water system,living beings elements.Many kinds of plant landscape were formed according to these elements.Ren means every kind of artificial elements.Many kinds of artificial plant landscape were constructed according to artificial elements.Some theories and principles were developed from the theoretical system in plant landscape constructing based on the theory on Tian,Di,and Ren.These theories and principles are native plant theory,plant community theory,potential vegetation theory,biodiversity theory and ecological position theory,etc.The former is called the basic theoretical system in plant landscape constructing,and the later the developing theoretical system in plant landscape constructing.