不同干预措施预防正常高值血压人群发生高血压的效果

The effect of different interventions to prevent hypertension in subjects with high-normal blood pressure

目的针对正常高值血压人群中的高血压危险因素开展不同形式的健康教育并评价其效果。方法采取前瞻性观察研究的方法,将参加健康查体的正常高值血压患者1087例随机分为1个对照组和3个干预组。对3个干预组分别采取现场宣教、通讯访谈、单独访谈3种不同干预措施,定期随访2年并观察血压和血压相关指标的变化。结果与对照组相比,3个干预组的正常高值血压患者经健康教育干预后其血压情况、血清学指标及人体测量学指标有明显改善。心电图、动脉硬化程度则无明显变化。3种干预措施效果最好的是单独访谈模式,最差的为通讯访谈。另一方面,如果结合成本分析,虽然现场宣教组的效果中等,但仍不失为预防高血压健康教育的最佳选择。结论对正常高值血压人群经健康教育干预能够帮助他们建立科学、良好的生活方式,从而达到促进和维护健康的目的 。

Objective To evaluate the effects of different forms of health education on hypertension according to the risk factors in subjects with high-normal blood pressure.Methods A total of 1087 high-normal blood pressure subjects recruited from routine physical examination were divided into a control group and three trial groups in a prospective study.The 3 trial groups were treated with different interventions of scene propaganda,communication interview,or individual interview respectively.All participants were followed up periodically for 2 years to observe the changes of blood pressure and blood pressure-related indices.Results The status of hypertension,serological indices and anthropometric indices of the 3 trial groups were ameliorated obviously compared with control group（P0.05）,whereas the electrocardiogram and arteriosclerosis index did not change significantly（P0.05）.The most effective health education was individual interview while the worst one was communication interview in regard to the prevention of hypertension from high-normal blood pressure.On the other hand,scene propaganda was the best choice for health education if a cost-benefit analysis was taken into account although it merely had a mediocre preventive effect.Conclusion The implementation of health education can help high-normal blood pressure subjects establish a good and scientific lifestyle and reach the purpose of promoting and maintaining their health.