三类弱视患者的视觉噪声差异研究

Differences of visual noise in three types of amblyopes

目的探讨三类弱视患者之间视觉噪声的差异。方法选取2010年1月至8月在我科就诊的149例(298眼)患者,分为屈光参差性弱视组(71例)、斜视性弱视组(38例)和屈光不正性弱视组(40例)。各组分别进行视觉噪声双视力表检测。使用SPSS13.0统计软件比较3组患者的年龄、性别、最佳矫正视力、视觉噪声差异。结果年龄:方差分析结果显示3组患者的年龄差异无统计学意义(F=2.032,P=0.135);性别:χ2检验显示3组间的性别差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.785,P=0.248);最佳矫正视力:方差分析结果显示3组间差异无统计学意义(F=1.697,P=0.185)。视觉噪声:视觉噪声双视力表检测结果显示3组患者在无、有噪声条件下表现出的视觉噪声分别为:屈光参差性弱视组(1.42±0.81)行,斜视性弱视组(1.82±1.00)行,屈光不正性弱视组(2.06±0.94)行。方差分析显示3组患者间的视觉噪声差异有统计学意义(F=14.220,P<0.001);LSD法进行组间两两比较显示:屈光参差性弱视组的视觉噪声低于其他两组,差异均有显著统计学意义(均为P<0.01);斜视性弱视组与屈光不正性弱视组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论弱视患者视觉系统存在着内部噪声,不同弱视类型之间的视觉噪声水平存在差异;屈光参差性弱视的视觉噪声最低,屈光不正性弱视的视觉噪声最高。

Objective To investigate the differences of visual noise in three types of amblyopes.Methods One hundred and forty-nine amblyopes（298 eyes） between January and August 2010 were selected and divided into ametropic amblyopic group（71 cases）,strabismic amblyopic group（38 cases） and anisometropic amblyopic group（40 cases）.All amblyopes were detected unilateral by the visual noise dual acuity chart,and the differences in age,gender,best corrected visual acuity（BCVA） and visual noise among the groups were analyzed.Results The age of three groups showed no statistical difference by ANOVA analysis（F=2.032,P=0.135）.The gender of three groups showed no statistical difference by chi-square test（χ2=2.785,P=0.248）.The BCVA of three groups showed no statistical difference by ANOVA analysis（F=1.697,P=0.185）.The differentials of visual acuity with and without noise of ametropic amblyopic group,strabismic amblyopic group and anisometropic amblyopic group were（1.42±0.81） lines,（1.82±1.00） lines and（2.06±0.94） lines,respectively.Visual noise in the three groups showed statistical differences by ANOVA analysis（F=14.220,P0.001）.Visual noise in anisometropic amblyopic group was lower than the other two groups and the differences showed statistical significances（all P0.01）,but there was no statistical difference between ametropic and strabismic amblyopic groups（P0.05）.Conclusion Visual noise exists in the visual system of amblyopes,and may be in different levels among the three amblyopic types,which in anisometropic amblyopes are mild,strabismic amblyopes are moderate,and ametropic amblyopes are markedly high.