利用芸薹属植物嵌合体对组织与器官细胞层起源的研究

Studies on the Origins of Plant Tissues and Organs by Brassica Chimeras

运用两种同时具备表型和分子谱系标记的芸薹属植物(榨菜和紫甘蓝)合成的种间平周嵌合体材料对植物的组织、器官的细胞层谱系进行了追踪分析。研究结果发现:植物的茎、叶、花等器官一般由茎尖分生组织的L1、L2、L3三层谱系细胞共同发育而成,但在不同组织器官中各层的贡献量不同;L1和L2层共同参与了叶缘的发育;不定根由L3层单独发育而成;分子标记分析显示花粉起源于L2层,但有性杂交实验也发现了少量L1层起源的花粉。该文为研究植物组织与器官的细胞层起源提供了新方法。

Two Brassica interspecific periclinal chimeras between tuber mustard and red cabbage which had both phenotypical and molecular markers were applied to systematically study the cell-layer origins of plant tissue and organs. The results showed that L1, L2 and L3 of SAM engaged in the formation and development of almost plant organs together, but their contributions varied in different organs. Both L 1 and L2 participated the formation of leaf margin, while the adventitious root was derived from L3 only. PCR analysis suggested L2 gave rise to plant pollens, but sexual pollination trials also displayed the existence of Ll-derived pollens. In conclusion, the well-marked periclinal chimeras are excellent materials for study the ontogenesis of plant tissues and organs.