老年人急性玻璃体后脱离的B超分析

Clinic analyses and B scan in acute symptomatic age-related posterior vitreous detachment （PVD）

目的利用眼底检查和B型超声检查相结合，探讨观察急性PVD时的玻璃体和视网膜的情况。方法通过2007年10月至2009年12月期间搜集老年人1周内有症状的急性PVD患者66人66只眼进行临床检查和分析，所有患眼均由间接检眼镜、VOLK90D详细检查视网膜和黄斑情况及B超作详细探测。结果66只眼经B超检查发现完全性PVD56只眼，不完全性PVD10只眼。发现视网膜裂孔2只眼，未发现视网膜脱离。PVD的发生、发展与黄斑裂孔无明显相关性。结论本组病例老年人PVD引起的视网膜裂孔发病率低（2/66），B超可作为探查PVD简单有效方法，而全面检查眼底可发现早期干性裂孔，及时诊断、及时光凝可令患眼得到良好预后。

Objective To observe vitreous and retinal changes at acute PVD by B-scan combined with fundus examination. Methods Sixty-six eyes with acute-onset of age-related PVD in one week were enrolled. Comprehensive eye examination including vitreous and retinal biomicroscopy was performed followed by B-scan from October 2007 to December 2009. Results Fifty-six eyes were found with complete PVD and 10 eyes with partial PVD. Two eyes suspected with retinal tears were diagnosed after fundus examination but missed in B scan. There was no significant association between the presence of PVD and macular hole. Conclusions The incidence of retinal breaks in acute symptomatic age-related PVD is low in these cases （2/66）. B-scan is a useful complementary in therapy and prognosis.