基底细胞癌组织病理类型与性别、年龄及部位的相关性分析

Correlation of histopathological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma with gender, age and location of skin lesions

目的 分析基底细胞癌（BCC）组织病理类型与性别、年龄及部位的相关性.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月到2009年4月共243例BCC的临床病理资料,应用SPSS 13.0软件对资料进行分析.结果 243例BCC中,男118例,女125例,男女比例为0.94：1;平均年龄（65.16±12.62）岁;好发于头颈部,占77.4%;结节型是最常见的病理类型,占53.9%,其次为浅表型和浸润-硬化型,分别占18.9%和18.5%.女性患者就诊年龄早于男性（P＜0.05）.不同组织病理类型BCC的性别构成差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.浅表型BCC好发于躯干部位,就诊年龄早于非浅表型,女性就诊年龄早于男性,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结节型、浸润-硬化型及微小结节型BCC好发于头颈部,就诊年龄较晚,男女患者就诊年龄无差异（P＞0.05）.结论 不同组织病理类型BCC的临床特征不同。

Objective To analyze the relationship of histopathological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma （BCC） with gender,age and anatomical location of skin lesions.Methods The clinical and histopathological data on 243 cases of BCC collected from Jan 2000 to Apr 2009 were reviewed retrospectively.Data analysis was carried out by using SPSS 13.0 software.Results A total of 243 patients were included in this study,including 118 males and 125 females with the male/female ratio being 0.94：1.The average age of patients was 65.16 ± 12.62 years.Head and neck were the predilection （77.4%） sites of BCC in these patients.Nodular type （53.9%） was the most common type,followed by the superficial type （18.9%） and infiltrative-morphoeic （sclerosing） type （18.5%）.The age at visit was younger in female patients than in male patients（P 〈 0.05）,no significant difference was observed in the gender composition among patients with different subtypes of BCC （P 〉 0.05）.Superficial BCC was more common on the trunk; the age at visit was younger in patients with superficial BCC than in those with other subtypes of BCC,and younger in female patients than in male patients （all P 〈 0.05）.Nodular,infiltrative-morphoeic and micronodular subtypes of BCC showed a predilection for the head and neck with an old age at visit,and no differences were observed in the age at visit between female and male patients with these subtypes of BCC （au P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions Different subtypes of BCC show different clinical features,which may be attributed to their different pathogenesis.