遗传性血管性水肿的治疗进展

Advances in the therapy of hereditary angioedema

遗传性血管性水肿是一种少见的常染色体显性遗传病,因血浆中功能性C1酯酶抑制剂缺乏引起皮下及黏膜水肿.喉水肿诱发呼吸道阻塞可危及生命.该病早期无特效药,曾将治疗荨麻疹的抗组胺药和糖皮质激素等用于急性水肿发作的患者,收效甚微,死亡率高达30%.随着对该病发病机制的深入研究,不断涌现出新的药物,为临床医生及患者提供更多选择.概述其发病机制、临床表现,着重围绕其治疗进展.

Hereditary angioedema is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by recurrent episodes of subcutaneous and mucosal edema due to the deficiency of plasma functional C1 esterase inhibitor.Acute attacks of laryngeal swelling are often associated with a substantial risk of death.In the past,hereditary angioedema was treated with anti-histamine drugs and glucocorticoids,but the outcome was unsatisfactory,and mortality was reported as high as 30%.With further insights into the pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema,new drugs have emerged and provided clinicians and patients with more choices.The authors summarize the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the entity with focus on the progress in its treatment.