两种猎物饲养对东亚小花蝽捕食作用的影响

Effect of Two Different Preys on Predation of Orius sauteri(Heteroptera:Anthocoridae)

本文研究了用两种猎物(豆蚜Aphis craccivora、西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis)饲养后的东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri成虫对单一猎物的捕食作用及对混合猎物的选择性。结果表明:用不同猎物饲养后的东亚小花蝽成虫对单一猎物的捕食量都随着猎物密度的增加而增大。东亚小花蝽对饲料的选择性研究发现:猎物密度设置为5、10、15、20、25、30头.皿-1,用西花蓟马饲养3代的东亚小花蝽对西花蓟马和豆蚜的捕食量分别是4.80、8.80、11.40、16.00、20.20、20.60头和3.00、4.60、6.40、10.20、15.80、16.20头,两者之间存在显著性差异,倾向于选择西花蓟马;用豆蚜饲养3代的东亚小花蝽对西花蓟马和豆蚜的捕食量分别是4.00、5.80、8.00、11.80、14.80、16.20头和4.80、6.80、12.00、15.20、18.80、19.20头,两者之间存在显著性差异,倾向于选择豆蚜。本结果说明东亚小花蝽对长期取食的猎物已产生了适应性。

Predation on single prey and selective predation on mixed preys of Orius sauteri adults reared on Aphis craccivora or Frankliniella occidentalis were studied.Results showed that predation on A.craccivora or F.occidentalis by O.sauteri adult reared on different preys increased with the prey density.At 6 densities of prey（5,10,15,20,25 and 30 per dish）,O.sauteri adults reared on F.occidentalis for three generations predated 4.80,8.80,11.40,16.00,20.20 and 20.60 of F.occidentalis,respectively;but fed 3.00,4.60,6.40,10.20,15.80 and 16.20 of A.craccivora,respectively;and the former was significantly higher than the latter at the same prey density,indicating O.sauteri adult reared on F.occidentalis preferred F.occidentalis over A.craccivora.When O.sauteri adults reared on A.craccivora for three generations were exposed to 6 densities of prey（5,10,15,20,25 and 30 per dish）,predatory capacity on F.occidentalis was 4.00,5.80,8.00,11.80,14.80 and 16.20,respectively;and on A.craccivora was 4.80,6.80,12.00,15.20,18.80 and 19.20,respectively;and the latter was significantly higher than the former at the same prey density,indicating that O.sauteri adult reared on A.craccivora preferred A.craccivora over F.occidentalis.These results indicate that O.sauteri has adaptability to certain prey.