BLM预测水中重金属生物有效性研究进展

An Updated Review on Biotic Ligand Model in Predicting Metal Bioavailability in Surface Waters

生物配体模型(BLM)是利用环境参数来预测重金属生物有效性的模型。它将生物受体位点作为生物配体,考虑了影响生物毒性的水化学性质,并把生物有效性的概念引入到水质标准中,在较宽的模拟水质范围内取得了较好的预测效果。生物配体模型是多学科共同发展的成果,综合了金属在水环境中的化学、生物学、生理学等以及计算机科学方面的成果,这些学科的发展也为模型的实现提供了条件。它利用水环境中特定的水质参数,就可以得到重金属生物有效性的预测结果,而水质参数通常可以由水环境监测结果得到,数据来源方便简单。生物配体模型适用于多种金属和生物。文章详细介绍了生物配体模型的提出、理论基础及其在国内外地表水中的应用现状,并对模型的不足和亟需改进的地方进行了探讨。

Biotic ligand model（BLM） is a model that predicts the metal bioavailability based on environmental parameters.Biological sites that interact with metal ions are considered as biotic ligands.Aquatic chemistry is taken into account by BLM model to predict the bioavailability,an important concept that is tightly associated with toxicity and has been used in water quality standard.Benefited from advancement of various sciences including environmental chemistry,biology,physiology and computer science,BLM model can use readily available water quality data to predict the bioavailability and toxicity of quite a few metals for many biological species.Water quality data can be obtained in routine water quality monitoring.Theoretical background as well as current application for BIM model in surface waters in China and other countries was introduced,drawbacks of the model were also discussed.