珠江口西岸海水入侵现状调查分析

Status Quo of Seawater Intrusion in Western Coastal Area of Pearl River Estuary:Survey and Diagnosis

文章在珠江口西岸珠海、中山两市11个海水入侵观测站位一年多地下水实测分析数据的基础上,结合该区域水文气象、地质构造等背景资料,对该区域地下水受海水影响的现状及原因进行了分析,结果表明珠江口西岸地区由于河网密布、降水量大、地下水位高,地下水限制开采管理严格,开采量小,地下水基本处于原始状态,未受海水的侵染,地下水未对地表植被和生态环境造成负面的影响。珠江口西岸绝大部分沿海地区全年都不会发生海水入侵,只在冬季因降雨量小,地下水补充不及时,地下水位稍低,靠近河涌狭窄地带的地下水受到海水入侵的影响,表现为轻度入侵,与珠江口冬季时常发生咸潮的现象有着同样的规律。

The survey in western coastal area of the Pearl River Estuary involves collection of monthly-measured hydrological data during the period of 2007-2009 from 11 observation stations in the west part of the estuary including the cities of Zhuhai and Zhongshan and the local hydro-meteological and geological background information.It was found that ground water of the inner areas had not been affected by seawater intrusion and vegetation cover and bio-environment there kept basically intact owing to heavy rainfall and the numerous rivers sprawling out over the area,which brought about a groundwater level high enough to hold back the seawater intrusion.Phenomena of seawater intrusion occur during winter when groundwater fall below the local sea level;however,such situation only occurs in some narrow zones near the mouth of the River with the pattern similar to the winter salt tides happen in the Estuary area.