恶性实体肿瘤患者并发感染的病原菌分布及危险因素分析

The Characteristics of Pathogen and the Clinical Risk of Infections in Patients with Malignant Solid Tumor

目的探讨恶性实体肿瘤患者并发感染的病原菌分布以及临床防治方法。方法回顾性调查2007年9月～2010年6月恶性实体瘤患者合并感染并明确病原菌病例共213例次，分析患者感染部位、病原菌分布情况以及临床危险因素等。结果在所有恶性实体瘤合并感染患者中，呼吸系统（51．8％）为最常见的感染部位，病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌（48．4％）为主，革兰氏阳性菌占27．7％，真菌占23．9％。其中肿瘤分期为晚期以及近1月内曾接受抗肿瘤治疗的患者更易发生感染。结论恶性实体肿瘤患者合并感染以革兰氏阴性菌感染为主。真菌感染比例有上升的趋势，提示必须加强癌症患者感染的预防，减少感染的潜在因素。

Objective To describe the characteristics of pathogens and risk factors of infection in patients with malignant solid tumor. Method 213 cases of infection with specific strain among patients with malignant solid tumor from September 2007 to June 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.The data of distribution of infection site,the pathogens and the clinical risk were analyzed. Result Respiratory tract（51.8%） was the most frequent site of infections.In addition,Gram-negative bacterial were the leading cause of infection（48.4%）,followed by Gram- positive bacterial（27.7%）,and fungus（23.9%）.The cancer patients with late stage or those who received anti-cancer treatment within one month were susceptible to infection. Conclusion Gram-negative bacterial were the leading cause of infection among patients with malignant solid tumor and the infection rate of fungus increases obviously. Cancer infection management should be strengthened and the potential risk factor of infection among patients with malignant;nant solid tumor should be controlled.