喉癌术后患者认知及情感需求的调查分析及对策

Postoperative cognitive and emotional needs of the laryngeal cancer patients

目的了解喉癌术后患者认知及情感需求,为临床开展健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计的认知及情感需求调查表,对35例喉癌术后患者在出院前进行调查,了解患者术后的认知及出院后的情感需求。结果 "介绍手术后的生理变化"、"介绍怎样处理进食,避免误咽"、"讲解气管套管突然滑脱时怎么办"、"讲解呼吸方式"是患者术后最需要了解的认知需求,分别占91.43%、85.71%、100.00%及94.29%;"希望与医护人员交谈"是患者出院后最需要的情感需求,占42.86%;对于是否"需要专业人员心理疏导",77.14%的患者选择了不确定。结论护理人员应该根据喉癌患者术后的认知需求及出院后的情感需求实施健康教育,以满足其认知及情感需求,有利于预防远期并发症,从而提高喉癌患者术后的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the cognitive and emotional postoperative needs of the laryngeal cancer patients so as to provide the basis for the health education for them. Method The self-designed questionnaire of cognitive and emotional needs were used to investigate the cognitive and emotional postoperative needs among 35 laryngeal cancer patients before discharge. Results The cognitive needs of the 35 laryngeal cancer patients included ＂Introduction of the physiological changes after surgery＂,＂Introduction of how to take food to prevent mis-swallowing＂, ＂How to manage the sudden trachea cannula slippage＂, and ＂Know how to breathe＂, accounting for 91.43%, 85.71% ,100.0% and 94.29%,respectively. The emotional need was the statement of ＂wish to talk to doctors and nurses＂,accounting for 42.86%. In terms of ＂whether to need the professional psychological counseling＂, 77.14% of them chose the choices of ＂uncertain＂. Conclusions Nursing staff should perform the health education according to the cognitive needs and the emotional needs of the postoperative laryngeal cancer patients. It can prevent the long-term complications of the patients so as to improve the quality of life of the laryngeal cancer patients after operation.