章炳麟中央与地方关系思想初探

On Zhang Binglin's Thought of Central-local Relationship

在武昌起义之前,章炳麟提出了分镇思想,希望借有力的地方来维护国家利益。他还曾企图依靠督抚的力量,来达到其救国的目的。但在现实碰壁和认识到督抚革命的弊端后,他放弃了督抚革命的思想。中华民国建立后,出于对建立统一共和政府的向往和维护国家利益的目的,他强调建立一个强有力的中央政府,这体现在他组建政团、出版报刊的政治实践中。但袁世凯的所作所为击碎了章炳麟的设想。联省自治运动中,章炳麟积极参与联省自治的政治活动,与各省势力和军阀函电往来,并提出了具体的主张,但最后还是失败了。章炳麟的中央与地方关系思想,前后变化大,存在缺乏系统深入的缺陷,一些分析也存在错误,但始终以爱国主义为出发点的。

Before the Wuchang Uprising,Zhang Binglin proposed setting up towns with a view to safeguarding national interests by means of a strong local force. He even made great efforts to rely on the power of governors to achieve his purpose of saving the nation. But when he encountered obstacles in reality and came to realize the drawbacks of governors ＇ revolution, he gave up the idea of ？？ revolution through governors. After the founding of the Republic of China, out of his longing for a unified Republican government and the purpose of safeguarding national interests, he stressed the establishment of a strong central government, which is reflected in such political practice as the formation of political groups, and the publication of newspapers and periodicals. However, what Yuan Shikai did shattered his original dream. In the Federalist Movement, Zhang Binglin got actively involved in the federalist political ac- tivities and the constant correspondence with the provinces and warlord forces, and put forward specific ideas, but ended in failure. Zhang Binglin＇ s idea of central - local relations transforms in the course, resulting in the defects of a lack of systematic and in - depth thinking with some errors in the particular analysis;nonetheless, its starting point is always centered around patriotism.