桉树幼林施肥的养分间交互效应及合理施肥方案研究

Study on interaction effect between fertilizer nutrients and rational fertilization scheme of young Eucalyptus plantation

采用二次通用旋转组合设计,开展桉树幼林施用钙镁磷肥、尿素、复合肥、硼肥4种肥料组合定位施肥试验,结果表明,桉树幼林施用钙镁磷肥、尿素、复合肥和硼肥均有显著或极显著的促生效应,且钙镁磷肥与尿素、复合肥的交互效应不明显,而硼肥与钙镁磷肥、尿素或复合肥以及尿素与复合肥均存在交互效应;营养元素的重要性排序为N>P>K>B,N、P元素的单独施用只有在P2O552.5 g.株-1、N 46 g.株-1以上时才具有明显促生效应,而N、P、K肥配施能有效促进生长,同时施用硼肥只有在施用适量N、P、K肥料的前提下才有意义;最优施肥组合为每株施钙镁磷肥500 g+尿素200 g+复合肥425 g+硼砂30 g(N 160 g,P2O5143 g,K2O 68 g,CaO 200 g,MgO 60 g,B 4.5 g,有效养分总量635.5 g),N∶P2O5∶K2O∶CaO∶MgO∶B=1.00∶0.89∶0.43∶1.25∶0.38∶0.03,以理论产量的70%作为目标产量的可能性,则采用本施肥配方2年生单株材积效应值可达0.027 8 m3。

Using quadratic general rotation design approach,set up fertilizer combination fertilization experiment of cacium magnesium phosphate fertilizer,urea,compound fertilizer and boron fertilizer in young Eucalyptus plantation,the result showed that：application of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer,urea,compound fertilizer,and boron were significantly or very significant promoting effect,and the interaction effect of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and urea,calcium,magnesium phosphate fertilizer and compound fertilizer was not obvious.However,the interaction eccect were patency between boron fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate,compound fetilizer,urea or between urea and compound fertilizer;Nutrient elements in order of importance as NPKB,N,P elements in a single application only P2O5 over 52.5 g·tree-1,N more than 46 g·tree-1obviously promoting effect,white the N,P,K fertilizrs could effective in promoting growth,white appplication of boron fertilizer was meaningful only in the N,P,K fertilizers under the premise of the right amount;The optimum fertilizer combination was each tree using 500 g calcium magnesium phosphate,200 g urea,425 g compound fertilizer and 30 g borax（N 160 g,P2O5 143 g,K2O 68 g,CaO 200 g,MgO 60 g,B 4.5 g,total amount of avaitable nutrient was 635.5 g）,N∶P2O5∶K2O∶CaO∶MgO∶B=1.00∶0.89∶0.43∶1.25∶0.38∶0.03.The theoretical yield 70% of the production possibilities as a target,the use of the fertilization formula.Stands wood volume up to 0.027 8 m3 in 2 years.