论厦门海洋经济的持续发展

On sustainable development of ocean economy in Xiamen

本文回顾了厦门海洋经济发展的历史，评述了厦门海洋经济发展的现状和趋势，认为厦门已经形成了沿海城市经济，已经具有相当完备的海洋经济体系，但传统产业依然占据较大的比重，新兴产业还处于起步阶段，未来产业基本空白，城市经济的发展与海洋资源的利用结合不够紧密。海洋资源的开发利用尚为粗放式，科技进步的贡献率在海洋增长中不够大。海洋经济尚未走上开发和保护相结合的可持续发展道路。在发展重点海洋产业中，必须树立“科技兴市”的意识、保证有效投入、提高科技进步的贡献率，高起点地发展海洋经济。厦门海洋经济的发展除了经济特区的优势和资源优势外，还存在五个方面的有利条件：１）历史文化底蕴对海洋经济发展的支持；２）知识经济时代提供了机遇；３）现有的经济实力提供了基础；４）科技力量和工业基础是发展海洋经济的保证；５）海洋持续发展已具备基本条件。作者建议厦门海洋经济的可持续发展要采取下列战略行动：１）进一步提高海洋经济意识；２）加快成果转化与产业化进程；３）海洋资源的持续利用与海洋环境保护；４）发挥科技优势，加大科技投入，形成主力队伍；５）高级专门人才的培养与引进；６）“产－学－研”一体化的海洋经济发展体系。

This paper reviews the relationship between the urban development and ocean economic development and the present state and future tendency of ocean economy in Xiamen. This paper comments that the ocean economy with the coastal urban economy has become an important part of national economy in Xiamen. Although Xiamen has a rather complete ocean economy system. the traditional ocean industries have rather larger proportion while the new ocean industries are just at the beginning stage and the future industries are nearly blank. Furthermore, the development of urban economy and the development of ocean resources are not closely related. The development and utilization of ocean resources are still extensive and the contribution of science and technology progress in the growth of ocean industries is not high. The ocean economy has not yet embarked on the road of intensive development, coordination of development and protection and sustainable development. In the development of key industries, the sense of 'developing Xiamen by relying on science and technology' should be well set up, the efficient input should be guaranteed, the scientific and technological mechanism should be improved, the contribution from scientific and technological progress should be enhanced and the development of new ocean industries should have a higher base. In addition to the favorable condition such as that of special economic zone in geographical location and natural resources, the development of ocean economy in Xiamen have the favorable conditions in the following five, aspects: namely 1)the support to the development of ocean economy from historical and cultural sedimentation; 2) the provision of opportunity from the era of knowledge economy; 3) the provision of solid economic base by the available economic strength; 4) the guarantee of scientific and technological force and industrial base; and 5)the development of the theory of sustainable development of ocean economy. The authors state the strategies for the sustainable development of ocean economy in Xiamen and have proposed six key points. 1)It is imperative to enhance further the sense of ocean economy. 2). It is imperative to facilitate the transfer and industrilization of scientific and technological achievements. 3) It is imperative to implement the sustainable utilization of ocean resources and marine environmental protection. 4)it is imperative to give a full play of favorable conditions in science and technology and increase science input. 5) It is imperative to cultivate and introduce high-learning specialists. 6)It is imperative to develop the ocean economic system consisting integrally of the representatives of industries, high learning and science research.