低温对杏品种花及幼果的伤害和若干生理指标的影响

Effectof Low Temperature on Flower,Young Fruitand A Number of Physiological Index of Apricot

以抗寒性不同的3个品种“实生大黄杏”、“沙金红杏”、“澄城1号”为试验材料,观察花蕾、盛开花、幼果经低温处理后的褐变以及花粉活力变化,测定了各品种花期的电导率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果表明:澄城1号的抗寒性小于其它两个品种;杏花不同时期的抗寒性为蕾期>盛花期>幼果期;花不同组成部分的抗寒性为花瓣>雄蕊>雌蕊,新鲜花粉随着低温的加剧而逐渐失去活力,SOD活性与杏的抗寒性有密切关系。

Three apricot varieties with different hardiness,“Shishengdahuangxing”,“Shajinhongxing”and “Chengcheng no.1”,were used to study their pollen viabilities and brown changes offlower buds,full blossomed flowers and young fruits afterchilling treatment,and theelectrolyte leakag( %) and activity ofsuperoxidase dimud tase( SOD) ofeach variety at blooming period were determined.The resultshowed that: Chengcheng no.1 was not as hardy as the other two varieties; the order ofhardiness of apricot at differentgrowth stages was:flower bud stage>fullblossom stage>young fruit stage; hardiness ofdifferent partin apricotwas arranged in the fol lowing order:petal>stamen>pistil; activity offresh pollen lostgradually when temperature gotlower,there had close relation between SOD activity and hardiness ofapricot.