碳基复合材料有效性能的细观力学研究

Research on Micromechanical of Effective Properties of Carbon-based Composite

作为一种多相体材料,碳基复合材料的力学性能和损伤破坏规律与其组元材料的弹性常数、体积含量以及细观结构密切相关。独创了组元材料试样加工与拉伸试验方法,获得了石墨基体和碳纤维的拉伸模量、强度和断裂应变率,在此基础上利用细观力学中Eshelby等效夹杂理论和Mori-Tanaka方法,建立了预报材料弹性常数的细观力学模型,并将理论预报结果与试验结果进行了比较,分析了误差产生的原因。结果表明:理论预报值与试验值之间的误差在10%以内,说明计算模型合理,计算结果可信。

As a kind of heterogeneous material,the mechanical properties and failure rule of carbon-based composites has close relationship with the elastic constant and volume constant of component as well as micro-configuration.Based on the respective characteristics of components carbon fiber,graphite and carbon cloth,a tensile property test method was established,and then failure strength,elastic modulus and tearing strain under normal temperature were obtained in this work.Based on the test results,Eshelby equivalent inclusion theory and Mori-Tanaka method were used to establish the corresponding models to predict the elastic constant of carbon based composites under normal temperature.Results show that theoretical prediction is in good agreement with the test data,which proves that the method is valid.