9年精神科住院信息分析

Analysis of messages to the 9-year psychiatric inpatients

目的:了解精神疾病住院患者的性别、年龄、职业、地域分布、罹患疾病、住院次数、住院天数等,同时探讨影响住院天数的相关因素,进一步提升医院服务能力,预防和促进精神康复。方法:采用回顾性病案分析,从医院病案室连续抽取2002年1月至2010年9月精神科出院患者的病历资料,确保所有数据准确无误,最终12 742例纳入统计分析。使用PASW Statistics 18软件包,主要对频率型指标进行描述统计。结果:1.一般特征:性别构成,女比男为1.2∶1。年龄呈正偏态分布,平均年龄35.39岁,中位数33岁,95%分布在16～67岁。女性平均年龄(36.38岁)高于男性(34.19岁)。2.约95%来源于社会底层,其中农民68%、工人13.8%、学生儿童9.7%、无业人员3.4%。3.ICD-10前3位编码的疾病中位居前6位的,依次为F20精神分裂症(53.8%),F30躁狂发作(7.7%),F23急性短暂的精神病性障碍(5.1%),F44分离/转换性障碍(5.0%),F31双相情感障碍(4.8%),F32抑郁发作(4.7%),共占80.9%。4.74.2%的患者住院次数为1次,95.5%住院次数在3次以内。5.平均住院天数34.68天,中位数31天,95%分布在5～89天。6.各类疾病的性别构成不同(P=0.000),其中神经症、精神病性障碍,女性明显高于男性;而活性物质滥用,男性明显高于女性。结论:精神科住院患者一半以上仍为精神分裂症,其中又以城市周边县区、农民为主要服务对象。整体上看,住院天数呈下降趋势。

Objective：To explore such characteristics as gender,age,occupation,region,the most suffered mental disease,length of stay（LOS） in psychiatric inpatients of northwestern China.Further,to reveal associations within those factors mentioned above.Methods：A convenience sampling was adopted and 12742 inpatients from Baoji Mental Rehabilitation Hospital of China were involved.A body of variables,especially Frequency,were used and analyzed by PASW statistics 18.0.Results： 1.Female-male ratio is 1.2.The variable of Age presented a positive skewed distribution with median 31 years of age,95% between 16 and 67 years of age.Among psychiatric inpatients,95% came from population of lower status,thus,peasants（68%）,workers（13.8%）,children and adolescents（9.7%）,unemployed（3.4%）.2.The six suffered diseases ahead of all were schizophrenia（53.8%）,mania（7.7%）,acute transient schizoid disorders（5.1%）,hysteria（5.0%）,bipolar disorder（4.8%）and depression（4.7%）.The average of LOS was 34.68 days,95% between 5 and 89 days.Conclusions： Baoji Mental Rehabilitation Hospital has a declined LOS with averaging 34.68 days in past nine years,although it is apparently longer than developed countries.More than half of psychiatric inpatients are still diagnosed as schizophrenia